What role does oil play in the cooling system of an engine?

Oil plays a critical role in the cooling system of an engine by absorbing heat from engine components. As the engine operates, friction between moving parts generates heat, which can lead to overheating if not managed properly. Engine oil circulates through the various components, such as the crankshaft, camshaft, and bearings, collecting heat generated by these parts and carrying it away. This heat absorption helps maintain optimal operating temperatures, ensuring that the engine components do not exceed their heat tolerance and allowing for efficient operation.

While there are functions associated with the cooling system, such as those related to coolant movement and temperature stabilization, oil's primary role involves heat absorption. This property allows the oil to help control the temperature of the engine, preventing local hotspots, which can cause damage or failure. Additionally, oil is not designed to act as a refrigerant as refrigerants typically undergo phase transitions to absorb and release heat, which oil does not do in the same way.